The Magnetic Tape Recorder

Acquaintance Man has been capable with store information in type of codes. Coded data is very useful particularly for the future references. In this paper, we are going to take a gander at the history and mechanical headways of the attractive tape recorder.Advertising We will compose a custom research paper test on The Magnetic Tape Recorder, Its History and Technological Advancements explicitly for you for just $16.05 $11/page Learn More History Man began doing research on the idea of discourse and sound at an early stage in the eighteenth and nineteenth hundreds of years. He needed to know whether it was conceivable to make a mechanical gadget that can create them. These included endeavors from De Kempelein in 1791 and Scot in 1857, which cleared route for the innovation of a phonograph by Thomas Edison in 1877. This phonograph had the option to record discourse and sound on wax or a foil to be played later. The development of the phone served to demonstrate that sound can be deliv ered utilizing power. The connection among attraction and power was found in 1820 by Hans Oersted. There followed numerous innovations including Faradays about the exchangeable idea of attraction and power that demonstrated that electrical flow can be created by attractive fields. James Maxwell later in 1873 built up the electromagnetism hypotheses that are still being used (Magnetic Recording, 2004). Oberlin Smith distributed an itemized portrayal on how attractive account should be possible in 1878. The essential hypothesis demonstrating how attractive sound account is done was depicted. He be that as it may, didn't construct the gadget. A phone professional from Denmark, Poulsen additionally figured out how to find attractive account standards all alone without information about Smith’s hypothesis in 1894. He felt free to assemble the main attractive sound recorder which he showed at a display in Paris. It was said that the primary voice, that of Emperor Franz that was rec orded that day, is as yet flawless today. This recorder was like that of Edison. The nature of sound was normal, however the volume was low since sound enhancement had not been found (Magnetic Recording, 2011, p. 1). Progress Records show that the â€Å"Poulsen’s licenses were obtained by the American Telegraphone Company in 1905 and sold as directing machines† (Magnetic Recording p. 1). The machines got rivalry from the â€Å"wax chamber phonographs that were stronger, dependable and not expensive† (Magnetic Recording p.1). Two creations; electronic intensification and AC biasing, restored the utilization of attractive chronicle. Air conditioning biasing was valuable in delivering chronicles that were progressively changeless and with a lower commotion when sued with a different attractive media. Alterable reels were later acquainted as an improvement with the steel wire as an account medium.Advertising Looking for research paper on other innovation? How about we check whether we can support you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Fritz looked to patent the utilization of â€Å"magnetic powders to a film or segment of paper† (Engel Hammer, p. 1). This prompted the disclosure of copying. Utilizing the attractive tapes, the radio business was capable just because to record program substance that must be introduced live at first (Engel Hammer, 2006). The 1930s saw the rise of business rivalry. Tape based recorder was likewise evolved right now in Germany. Attractive tapes were additionally delivered utilizing Fritz thoughts. The recorder and the tapes saw the creation of the magnetophone, along these lines the principal present day reel to reel recording device was conceived. New innovations with enormous limits were created. The utilization of these materials exceptionally expanded account effectiveness. This innovation was consummated during World War II when the military utilized the utilization of attractive chronicle (E ngel Hammer, 2006). At the point when World War II finished, there were expanded business improvements in tape chronicles. It is recorded that â€Å"magnetophones seized during the war were utilized as models for recording devices by American producers, for example, Magnecord, Ampex, and numerous others† (Engel Hammer p. 1). Different channel tape accounts realized the sound system unrest during the 1950s and 60s. This revolutionalized the music business on the planet by empowering the individual account of instruments and exhibitions that are later blended to make a last item. The utilization of TV additionally prompted the creation of the video tapes. Attractive tapes were additionally significant in the upheaval of PCs particularly in the capacity of advanced data. At first, memory was put away on attractive drums, at that point attractive centers. Utilizing attractive tapes to store PC memory started in 1951. These later formed into attractive hard circles, which were inc reasingly proficient. Enhancements in attractive capacity prompted advanced tapes that incorporate sound and video. Attractive tape innovation has been improved to meet the prerequisites of computerized video (Engel Hammer, 2006). The eventual fate of attractive tape innovation is still splendid in spite of the fact that it is being undermined by optical chronicle. Optical frameworks have been supplanting attractive tapes since the 1980s since they are anything but difficult to produce, sturdy and effective. The other option in contrast to attractive tapes is the strong state non-unstable RAM. They are quick and proficient however constrained in memory limit and furthermore costly. Recording data utilizing attractive tapes will go on into the future.Advertising We will compose a custom research project test on The Magnetic Tape Recorder, Its History and Technological Advancements explicitly for you for just $16.05 $11/page Learn More Magnetic tapes have been demonstrated to be quick , modest and with enough space. Attractive tapes are additionally adaptable and practical. It is additionally a reality that numerous families on the planet use VCRs more every now and again than DVD machines. The advancements being made to think of different organizations of attractive tapes fit for computerized just as top quality network shows that attractive tapes are staying put. Association with Humanities As showed in the presentation, the capacity to store data is a significant progression in the development of humankind. Since the beginning, human societies have searched for approaches to share and store data. Individuals begin putting away data by remembering it. Shockingly, memory isn't generally dependable and furthermore doesn't keep going for long. It likewise works just inside a talking separation. This trouble required the quest for an increasingly dependable method of putting away data. Examining the humanities, one discovers that data was put away even by the most crude of societies. This is seen in saved carvings, works of art in caverns, data that has remained for a considerable length of time. This data for the most part was put away by one individual with the point of transmitting it to other people, or to be reviewed later on. The hindrance was that the data must be deciphered by somebody educated. As time passed by, human progress additionally advanced and pictures and artistic creations become near the expressed word, the letter set was found encouraging more connections through language. The utilization of images to speak to sound was a significant advance towards improved capacity of data since it was one of the means that later formed into the attractive recording devices of today (Brains to Bytes, 2002, 1). End Magnetic recording devices have made considerable progress in the territory of data stockpiling innovation. The numerous headways being made all loan their beginnings on attractive recording devices. Also, as it has been ind icated numerous individuals despite everything incline toward utilizing them since they are modest, roomy and adaptable. Based on the endeavors coordinated towards attractive tapes that will fit in the advanced world, the eventual fate of attractive tapes is still splendid. References Brains to Bytes. (2002). Cerebrums to Bytes: The Evolution of Information Storage. Moah. Web. Engel, F. Mallet, P. (2006). A chose history of attractive chronicle. Google Documents. Web.Advertising Searching for research paper on other innovation? We should check whether we can support you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Find out More Attractive Recording. (2004). The historical backdrop of attractive chronicle. BBC. Web. Attractive account. (2011). Attractive Recording/Audiocassette †History of Magnetic Recording. Science Jrank. Recovered from: https://science.jrank.org/pages/4078/Magnetic-Recording-Audiocassette-History-attractive recording.html This research paper on The Magnetic Tape Recorder, Its History and Technological Advancements was composed and put together by client Alana Gutierrez to help you with your own investigations. You are allowed to utilize it for research and reference purposes so as to compose your own paper; notwithstanding, you should refer to it likewise. You can give your paper here.

How To Write an Essay

Step by step instructions to Write an Essay Composing an exposition resembles making a burger. Think about the presentation and end as the bun, with the meat of your contention in the middle. The presentation is the place youll express your theory, while the end summarizes your case. Both ought to be close to a couple of sentences. The body of your paper, where youll present realities to help your position, must be considerably more significant, generally three passages. Like creation a burger, composing a decent paper takes arrangement. Lets begin! Organizing the Essay (otherwise known as Building a Burger) Consider a burger for a second. What are its three primary parts? Theres a bun on top and a bun on the base. In the center, youll discover the cheeseburger itself. So what does that have to do with an exposition? Consider it along these lines: The top bun contains your presentation and subject articulation. This section starts with a snare, or verifiable proclamation planned to catch the perusers eye. It is trailed by a proposal proclamation, an attestation that you plan to demonstrate in the body of the exposition that follows.The meat in the center, called the body of the paper, is the place youll offer proof on the side of your theme or proposition. It ought to be three to five sections long, with each offering a fundamental thought that is upheld up by a few articulations of support.The base bun is the end, which summarizes the contentions youve made in the body of the exposition. Like the two bits of a burger bun, the presentation and end ought to be comparative in tone, sufficiently brief to pass on your subject however considerable enough to outline the issue that youll articulate in the meat, or body of the exposition. Picking a Topic Before you can start composing, youll need to pick a point for your article, in a perfect world one that youre effectively intrigued in. Nothing is more diligently than attempting to expound on something you dont care about. Your theme ought to be expansive or regular enough that a great many people will know at any rate something about what youre talking about. Innovation, for instance, is a decent subject since its something we would all be able to identify with somehow. Once youve picked a theme, you should limit it down into a singleâ thesis or focal thought. The theory is the position youre taking according to your subject or a related issue. It ought to be explicit enough that you can reinforce it with only a couple of applicable realities and supporting explanations. Consider an issue that the vast majority can identify with, such as: Technology is transforming us. Drafting the Outline Once youve chose your theme and theory, its opportunity to make a guide for your paper that will manage you from the prologue to end. This guide, called a framework, fills in as a chart for composing each passage of the paper, posting the three or four most significant thoughts that you need to pass on. These thoughts dont should be composed as complete sentences in the diagram; that is the thing that the genuine article is for. Heres one method of graphing a paper on how innovation is transforming us: Early on Paragraph Snare: Statistics on home workersThesis: Technology has changed workLinks to primary plans to be created in the exposition: Technology has changed where, how and when we work Body Paragraph I Primary thought: Technology has changed where we can workSupport: Work out and about exampleSupport: Work from home model statisticConclusion Body Paragraph II Principle thought: Technology has changed how we workSupport: Technology permits us to accomplish more on our own case of multitaskingSupport: Technology permits us to test our thoughts in reenactment case of advanced climate forecastingConclusion Body Paragraph III Fundamental thought: Technology has changed when we workSupport: Flexible work routines case of remote workers working 24/7Support: Technology permits us to work whenever case of individuals showing on the web from homeConclusion Finishing up Paragraph Audit of principle thoughts of every paragraphRestatement of theory: Technology has changed how we workConcluding figured: Technology will keep on transforming us Note that the creator utilizes just three or four primary thoughts for each passage, each with a fundamental thought, supporting explanations, and a summary.â Making the Introduction Once youve composed and refined your diagram, its opportunity to compose the exposition. Start with theâ introductory passage. This is your chance to snare the perusers enthusiasm for the absolute first sentence, which can be a fascinating truth, a citation, or aâ rhetorical question, for example. After this first sentence, include your proposal articulation. The proposal plainly states what you plan to communicate in the paper. Follow that with a sentence to present yourâ body sections. This gives the paper structure, yet it additionally motions toward the peruser what is to come. For instance: Forbes magazine reports that One of every five Americans telecommute. Does that number astonishment you? Data innovation has reformed the manner in which we work. Not exclusively would we be able to work anyplace, we can likewise work at any hour of the day. Likewise, the manner in which we work has changed enormously through the presentation of data innovation into the work environment. Notice how the writer utilizes a reality and addresses the peruser straightforwardly to catch their eye. Composing the Body of the Essay Once youve composed the presentation, its opportunity to build up the meat of your proposal in three or four passages. Each ought to contain a solitary fundamental thought, following the diagram you arranged before. Utilize a few sentences to help the fundamental thought, refering to explicit models. Close each passage with a sentence that sums up the contention youve made in the paragraph.â Lets consider how the area of where we work has changed. Previously, laborers were required to drive to work. Nowadays, many can decide to work from the home. From Portland, Ore., to Portland, Maine, you will discover representatives working for organizations found hundreds or even a great many miles away. As well, the utilization of mechanical autonomy to make items has prompted representatives investing more energy behind a PC screen than on the creation line. Regardless of whether its in the open country or in the city, youll discover individuals working wherever they can get on the web. No big surprise we see such a significant number of individuals working at bistros! For this situation, the writer proceeds to straightforwardly address the peruser while offering guides to help their attestation. Finishing up the Essay The synopsis passage sums up your paper and is regularly a converse of the initial paragraph. Begin the outline section by rapidly rehashing the main thoughts of your body passages. The penultimate (close to last)â sentence ought to rehash your essential theory of the exposition. Your last explanation can be a future forecast dependent on what you have appeared in the essay.â In this model, the writer finishes up by making an expectation dependent on the contentions made in the paper. Data innovation has changed the time, spot and way in which we work. So, data innovation has made the PC into our office. As we keep on utilizing new innovations, we will keep on observing change. Notwithstanding, our need to work so as to lead upbeat and beneficial lives will never show signs of change. The where, when and how we work will never change the motivation behind why we work.

How Long Should My Academic Essay Be

How Long Should My Academic Essay Be When youre given an academic essay assignment, its easy to feel overwhelmedâ€"especially if English is your second language or you have limited experience with academic writing. Academic essays can range from a few paragraphs to book-length dissertations, so the scope of expectations varies widely based on the school youre attending, the class youre taking, the departmental expectations, and (most especially) the professor giving you the assignment.However, if youre new to academic essay writing and are stressing over the length it should be, keep in mind that in most situations, your questions will be answered by your professor or the admissions committee assigning you the essay in the first place. When an assignment is given, some professors are very specific on their expectations, including what they expect the word count to be.When an assignment is given, some professors are very specific on their expectations, including what they expect the word or page count to be. Photo by Bra ndi Redd on Unsplash.For most assignments, youll likely be given guidelines based on word count (for example, 1,000 to 1,200 words) or page count (3 to 5 pages, double-spaced). You might also be given guidelines on the citation format to use, how many sources you should have, and even the publication date range of those sources. Some professors like to be extremely specific on their expectations for each academic essay assignment, while others might be more lenient and less structured in their guidelines. And of course, these guidelines will vary based on the type of academic essay and its purpose.General guidelines for essay lengthMiddle schoolAcademic essay assignments typically start in middle school in the American education system and fall within the range of 300 to 800 words. In these grades, youll be learning the basic 5-paragraph essay structure, which includes an introduction, a thesis statement, the body, and a conclusion. In the typical 5-paragraph essay format, the first paragraph should be the introduction, the second through fourth paragraphs should be the body of the essay, and the fifth paragraph should be the conclusion. In very rare instances would your introduction or conclusion take up more than one paragraph for these types of essays.High schoolIn high school, youll still likely need to write a 5-paragraph essay, although some teachers (especially English and Language Arts) will start to require longer essays (3 to 5 pages). This is to prepare you for the rigor of academic writing that youll be fine-tuning in college. In these essays, you will still have the basic format of introduction, body and conclusion; however, youll expand the body to more thoroughly explore or explain a topic. The conclusion of your 3 to 5-page essay will likely still fall within one paragraph, although the introduction might be more than one, depending on the topic.University (Undergraduate level)Once you get admitted into an undergraduate program, the length of y our academic essay assignments will vary significantly, depending on the classes you take and the departments you take them in. Youll also encounter classes that require academic essays of varying length as the semester progresses, with a longer essay due as the final assignment for a greater percentage of the class grade. In most cases, these longer academic writing assignments will be structured in such a way in that parts of the essay assignment must be turned in at different times, with all sections being put together as a final paper.For example, in an advanced-level English class, your professor might assign multiple shorter essays of 5 to 7 pages (or 1,500 to 2,100 words) and one final essay that explores a topic in more depth at 8 to 10 pages (or 2,400 to 3,000 words). Another class, such as a core curriculum survey course, might require fewer essays or more journal prompt-type writing assignments.University (Graduate level)Much the same as the undergraduate level of college , graduate-level academic writing assignments will vary based on several factors, such as the professor, the course, the department, and the program of study. One university program might require extensive writing while another might be more lab-based or hands-on experience.Graduate level is also where youre likely to first encounter thesis and dissertation academic writing assignments, which can go up to 100,000 words or more. These types of assignments obviously require extensive planning, research, and writing time, but youll likely be given very specific word count and citation requirements when being assigned the paper to write.Graduate level writing is significantly more involved than the 5-paragraph essay format and contains elements such as sections related to a review of literature, background of the topic/theoretical framework, methodology of research, and your specific findings. These separate sections might have their own word count limits and requirements, with some req uiring significantly more time and writing than others. As with some undergraduate assignments, you might be asked to submit these academic writing assignments in stages or sections, including a proposal, a list of your sources, etc.Beyond word and page countEven if you stay within a certain word or page count that is required for an academic writing assignment, you could still receive a poor grade for not using that count wisely. For example, its possible to write a 3 to 5-paragraph paper that is disorganized and illogical, in the same sense that an 8-page essay might have the same faults.Here are some important guidelines to follow when writing an academic essay, regardless of the word count required:Always carefully outline before you begin writing. An outline will help you cover everything that should be covered and ensure that youve included all of the required parts of the essay (introduction, thesis statement, etc.)Never allow your academic essay writing style to appear rambl ing, off-topic, or full of filler words. While the topic youre writing about might be new to you, your professor will likely know it extensively and will be able to tell if youre writing just to fill space.Do your best to avoid hedging. Hedging is when you essentially dance around a topic with vague statements but never have an actual stance on it. In most forms of academic writing, youre expected to make a clear assumption or thesis statement and then back up your claim with solid research and/or data.Its important to avoid vague statements or ambiguity in your academic essay writing. Photo by Jon Tyson on Unsplash.So, can I go over or under word count?Ultimately, it will always be in your best interest to stay within word count requirements given to you on assignments. Word count or page count limits are given to you for a reasonâ€"your professor knows exactly how in-depth you can explore a topic or topics given that word count restriction. If you find that you are significantly u nder word count when youve completed your writing assignment, its likely that you havent explored the topic to the depth expected of you by your instructor. A poor or failing grade might be the result, as it will be clear to your professor that you either didnt understand the topic or didnt take the time needed to research it correctly.Some professors will allow word count that is over suggested limits a lot more readily than word count that is under them. However, keep in mind that if you have gone significantly over word count in your academic essay assignment, its always a good idea to ask your teacher if this is acceptable. He or she might have such a heavy student and research load that they are simply unable to read hundreds of essays that are over the suggested word count limit, and might be forced to stop reading once youve reached it. This means that important parts of your writing will not be read and could affect your teachers grade choice for the assignments.This is also true for college admissions essay assignments. Admissions committees might be reading the essays of thousands of applicants and need those writers to stay within word count restrictions for the sake of time and logistics. Allowing one applicant to write extensively more could also put that applicant at an unfair advantage, so word count restrictions should always be followed. For a more in-depth look at what you should and shouldnt do on your college admissions essay, check out this article on writing a college admissions essay that stands out from the crowd.

Application Of A Master Of Public Health Campus - 1621 Words

ASSIGNMENT COVER SHEET Electronic or manual submission UNIT HST6334 CODE TITLE NAME OF SONI Jinal FAMILY NAME FIRST NAME STUDENT ID NO. 10399984 NAME OF LECTURER Dr. Kim Clark DUE DATE Topic of assignment Group or tutorial (if applicable) Course Master of Public Health CAMPUS I certify that the attached assignment is my own work and that any material drawn from other sources has been acknowledged. This work has not previously been submitted for assessment in any other unit or course. Copyright in assignments remains my property. I grant permission to the University to make copies of assignments for assessment, review and/or record keeping purposes. I note that the University reserves the right to check my assignment for plagiarism. Should the reproduction of all or part of an assignment be required by the University for any purpose other than those mentioned above, appropriate authorisation will be sought from me on the relevant form. OFFICE USE ONLY If handing in an assignment in a paper or other physical form, sign here to indicate that you have read this form, filled it in completely and that you certify as above. Signature Date OR, if submitting this paper electronically as per instructions for the unit, place an ‘X’ in the box below to indicate that you have read this form and filled it in completely and that you certify as above. Please include this page in/with yourShow MoreRelatedMiss1353 Words   |  6 PagesMaster of Public Administration (MPA) About the MPA Program The Master of Public Administration (MPA) program, accredited by the Canadian Association of Programs in Public Administration (CAPPA), is designed to prepare students for careers in public administration and policy work in diverse areas such as non-government organizations, industry associations, and, of course, the public service. 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Downtown Campus Downtown Walpole has many assets which include: a commuter rail station, several â€Å"town center† style blocks, and civic land uses, that could be redeveloped. 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Oedipus Blindness and Self Discovery Illustrated in...

From the very beginning of Oedipus, one can see that the main character of Oedipus is very sure about who he is and where he has come from. One of the most important motifs of the story is the idea of metaphorical blindness, and how Oedipus claims that everyone else around him is blind, and he is the only one that can see. However, what Oedipus soon finds out is that he has no idea who he is, and that all along he has been blind himself. Sophocles makes Oedipus suffer because of the fact that he actually has no idea who he is, and almost avoids figuring it out. It takes a defining moment for it to dawn on Oedipus that he is not who he thought he was. Oedipus’ blindness seems to have been his downfall, but the more prevalent question that†¦show more content†¦Although Oedipus is very confident in himself, the people around him do not do much to stop him from thinking such things. The priest says Now we pray you. You cannot equal the gods, your children know that, bending a your alter. But we do rate you first of men, (39) demonstrating that they also believe that Oedipus is great. Oedipus was able to make the people of Thebes believe this because he was the only one that was able to solve the riddle of the Sphinx and thus he is greater than any man, but no one can equal the gods, but if man could I’m sure that the people would have compared Oedipus to them. Because of Oedipus’ confidence within himself, he believes that his decisions will always be correct, and because of that he tends to make quick decisions that eventually come back to harm him. Once Oedipus finds out why Thebes is suffering, he quickly condemns whoever it is that killed the previous king, Now my curse on the murderer. Whoever he is†¦ †¦let that man drag out his life in agony, step by painful step— I curse myself as well†¦ if by any chance he proves to be an intimate of our house†¦ may the curse I just called down on him strike me! (280) so by his rash de cision to condemn the murder he has unknowingly cursed himself in two ways. As the story continues on, it is as if Oedipus life is unraveling to him and to the audience. Throughout the remainder of the story, bits and pieces of Oedipus life are revealed to him, in some cases byShow MoreRelatedOedipus The King : A Classical Tragedy1272 Words   |  6 PagesSophocles’ Oedipus the King is a classical tragedy that derives its meaning through the experiences of its tragic hero, Oedipus. Throughout the play, the eminent characteristic of Oedipus is his ignorance of the truth that inevitably leads to his downfall. This ignorance of truth is a characteristic found within the Aristotelian definition of a tragedy. Tragedy, as defined by Aristotle in his Poetics, are imitations of actions and are not narrative. This means that tragedies are often demonstrated

Week paper Free Essays

Also, studies suggest that sound and thorough logic is required when applying innovation to an ineffective business practices. These goals can be better achieved by taking advantage of the efficient communication abilities of logical spatial intelligence. Thus, multiple intelligence assessment provides unique insight to practical communication and leadership practices. We will write a custom essay sample on Week paper or any similar topic only for you Order Now Introduction After completing the multiple intelligence assessment from the website literacy. Norms. Com, my top three learning styles were logic or math, nature, and spatial intelligence. Math or logic was my highest score, and I believe hat of my three best scores, math or logic is the most useful skill to communication and leadership. According to the website, the math or logic intelligence suggests that I focus on relationships between things and how things work. Additionally, critical thinking is a strength of math or logic intelligence. Some noted activities for math and logic thinkers that may be useful in leadership roles include organizing complex materials, and looking at things critically. An example of such logical critical thinking would be looking at an advertisement in terms of its functional parts. A logical way of joking at an advertisement may ask, â€Å"what are the parts of the advertisement and how do the parts work together to make the advertisement effective? † Discussion Spatial learners, according to literacy. Works. Com, excel at visual organization. This type of learning seems to have a synergy with logical learning. I feel that spatial thinking is a visual manifestation Of logical thinking. The website further explains some useful spatial skills as working with charts and graphs, color coding, and other forms of visual representation. This skill set jumps out to me as excellent tools for communication. Being able to logically process ideas and then display them in clear and organized visual displays is an excellent way to communicate ideas. The recent popularity of power point presentations which use computers to generate organized and aesthetically pleasing spatial displays in order to communicate ideas show the immense power of spatial communication and leadership. In fact, throughout my previous education I have been very successful producing effective communication with spatial displays. Whether using physical props for public speaking class or presenting power point displays of my clinical research, refer use of spatial thinking. Accounting for one’s own intelligence style as well as the intelligence style of subordinates is a useful strategy for effective leadership. Being a logical thinker has the advantage of being able to see how these various different learning styles fit together. When building teams, intelligence styles may be considered in two ways. In some situations it may be effective to build teams from similar types of people who understand each other and relate well together (Watson, 1993). In other times it may be beneficial to build a diverse team made Of many different intelligence types ho contribute a variety of different strengths and outlooks to a project. Either way, it is useful to know what are the strengths and weakness of the team members in order to devise a strategic grouping of working teams. Indeed, the research of Hopkins and Hopkins assert that a diverse workups provide such benefits as â€Å"increased profitability, learning, creativity, flexibility, organizational and individual growth, and the ability of a company to adjust rapidly and successfully to market changes†. Limitation means doing things in new and different ways which may be better than the old way of doing the same thing. When people with different learning types work together innovation can occur as each team member can communicate from a unique perspective. Rather than continuously repeating inefficient processes that seem natural to a particular intelligence type, a different i ntelligence type may be able to point out improvements to the process that had been hidden to the other group members from their own intelligence perspectives. Roach and Bed near present a very complex research article analyzing the logic of innovation in business. At the conclusion of their complex logical reasoning they deduced some key summarizations about the SE of logic in management. For one they suggest that when applying change to a business, managers should not only look for simple cause and effect relationships. Instead they should look for deeper logical relationships. In their paper they cite a case of the Jacksonville Sausage business in which a simple linear cause and effect scenario seemed to suggest from the worker’s point of view that managerial micro-management was leading to workers’ errors. While the same situation from the linear cause and effect view Of the managers looked as if workers’ errors was the cause of necessitated micromanagement. However, the authors suggest that simple linear logic was limiting the vision of the overall situation and disguising the fact that were individual outside factors to blame for both worker error and the micromanagement. The lesson to be learned was that a more powerful logic beyond simple linear cause and effect gave a richer understanding of the business and the required innovations to correct its problems. Such innovation is the advantage of a manager with logical ability. In a study of risk communication Via visual displays, Lipids and Holland discuss the advantages of spatial communication. The first advantage of spatial displays n communication is that they can reveal information that is difficult and cumbersome to communicate in other ways. For example line graphs excel and revealing trends while pie charts are unmatched at indicating proportions. Second, spatial displays quickly and easily communicate numerical information. And third, spatial displays are attention grabbers. Each of these advantages can be utilized by managers who make effective practice of spatial communication. Conclusion Each person is different in his or her abilities and intelligence types, but each uniqueness has something to contribute to effective leadership. Specifically, the intelligence attributes of logic and spatial reasoning are particularly effective at developing leadership communication skills. How to cite Week paper, Papers

Water Pollution and Wind Energy

Water pollution is a problem that has affected the world for a long time. It essentially entails contamination of the water bodies such as lakes, oceans, rivers and ground water just to mention but a few.Advertising We will write a custom report sample on Water Pollution and Wind Energy specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Although some people may fail to understand the long-term effects of pollution, its short-term effects are easy to discern (Newton, 2008, p.102). Such effects include diseases or death of both human beings and animals. Despite this fact, human beings still pollute the water bodies, oblivious of the dangers that they are exposing themselves and animals to. One of the main reasons for this is the fact that some of the effects of pollution may take very long before they exhibit themselves. Aquatic life has been adversely affected by water pollution to the extent of extinction of some species. Chemical pollution of wate r is one of the leading causes of death of aquatic life. It normally makes water acidic, and also makes it toxic. The animals that do not die are left living in very harsh conditions (Hogan, 2010, p.1). Animals that consume these toxins may, in turn, be harvested for human consumption leading to diseases in human beings. Additionally, if water is polluted with chemicals, the amount of water available for human consumption reduces, and thus humans experience difficulties accessing safe drinking water. The water will also evaporate and make humans and animals inhale the chemical substances dissolved in it. This evaporation will also result in acidic rain which has the same effects as water pollution. It is thus evident that chemical pollution of water not only has negative effects on health, but it also substantially reduces the amount of water available for consumption by animals and human beings. There are a number of ways through which an individual could pollute water bodies. Some of these include; factory wastes, blood from slaughter houses, farm water with pesticides or herbicides, and all types of wastes disposed of to the water bodies. The aforementioned ways of polluting the water, makes it unable to sustain aquatic life as well as unfit for human consumption. It is therefore advisable that human beings avoid any actions or processes that could pollute water in order to live in a clean and safe environment. Wind Energy Wind energy is a form of renewable energy just like solar energy. The production of energy by the use of wind power is accomplished by the use of wind turbines. The blades of the turbines are meant to rotate by the wind thus causing electrical energy which serves as a power source (Richardson, 2006, p.2). It has been used as an alternative source of energy to substitute other energy sources such as fossils.Advertising Looking for report on environmental studies? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF L earn More Advantages There are numerous advantages of using wind energy, which include; It has negligible environmental effects. When compared to other sources of energy such as fossils which when burnt to generate electricity pollute the environment wind energy has no emissions hence safe to the environment (Perez, 2010, p.1). It is readily available as wind keeps blowing and is free thus making it cheap. The turbines occupy less space making it cheap since the size of land required is less compared to that required for hydropower. It is an easy way of generating electricity as no advanced technologies are required. Disadvantages The main disadvantage of wind energy is that the amount of energy it generates is limited compared to other energy sources. The turbines must be located in strategic places in order for them to generate significant amounts of energy. Last but not least, Wind energy is more appropriate in areas with a lot of wind, for instance in the rural areas. Refere nce List Hogan, M. (2010). Water Pollution. Retrieved from https://editors.eol.org/eoearth/wiki/Main_Page Newton, D. (2008). Chemistry of the Environment. Checkmark Books. pp.  102. Perez, D. (2010). Sources of Energy. Web. Richardson, N. (2006). Energy Sources. Web. This report on Water Pollution and Wind Energy was written and submitted by user Benjamin Booker to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.

Whats an Excellent SAT Score

What's an Excellent SAT Score SAT / ACT Prep Online Guides and Tips The SAT score is one of the most important parts of your college applicationsbecause it’s one of the only things that’s standardized. When all student applicants are taking the same exam, admissions officers can use it as a barometer to compare students that come from different backgrounds, educations, strengths, weaknesses, and intellectual abilities. If all students take the same exam, and all admissions officers look at those exam scores in the same way, then it should be easy to figure out what an excellent SAT score is, right? Not necessarily. Like most things, an excellent SAT score is all relative. In this post, I’ll talk about different types of â€Å"excellent† scores in relation to the entire US, your general peer group, your prospective colleges, and (maybe most importantly) yourself. A Note Before We Get Started: Percentiles When we discuss exam scores when compared to other groups - groups as big as the US student population or as small as your high school English class - we use percentiles. Percentiles are different from percentages. A percent scoretells you what portion of the exam you got correct, whereas a percentile score tells you how you did on the exam compared to everyone else who took it.For example, a percent score of 80% on an exam means that you got 80% of the questions correct. An 80th percentile score would mean that you scored better than 80% of the students who took thesame test. Percentile scores are more meaningful than percentages when we talk about SAT scores, because what’s important is how you score when compared to other students.To give another example, let's say you take a very difficult exam in a large lecture course and only score a 50%. You might be disappointed because you'd assume you scored poorly. If you learned that everyone else in the class scored lower than 50% on their exam, you'd know that you scored in the 99th percentile - that changes your perception of your performance, right? Same thing goes for SAT scores. Excellent SAT Scores for the General US Population Talk about a big comparison group. If you’re new to the SAT and are unsure what SAT scores actually mean, comparing your scores to those of the general population isthe best place to start. The SAT score range isn’t necessarily intuitive, like an exam scored out of 100 points. Seeing how you â€Å"rank† relative to all students is the best way to start understanding your own performance. As you probably know, the SAT is scored out of a total of 1600 points.The average composite SAT score is about 1000 points - around the 50th percentile. An "excellent" score relative to the general population will ultimately depend on your own definition of excellence. For the sake of this post, we'll say that an excellent score sits at about the 75th percentile. This means that if you score at or above the 75th percentile, your score is higher than at least 3/4 of all test-takers. So how do these (and other) percentiles translate into SAT scores? 25th percentile about 840 composite score 50th percentile about 1000 composite score 75th percentile about 1200composite score You can get more detailed information on SAT scores and percentiles here. Given this information, where do you think you would set your "excellence" cutoff? Excellent SAT Scores for Your Peer Group What matters when you apply to colleges isn’t necessarily how your performance compares to that of the rest of the high school students in the nation. What matters is how you compare to kids who are similar to you - similar in terms of background, geographical area, high school type, grades, extracurriculars. You’ll have to stand out against your peers, not necessarily against a student who lives across the country from you with different interests, passions, and activities. In order to determine what SAT scores are considered "excellent" amongyour peers, you need to have a good general idea of what your peers' scores are. SAT scores can be a sensitive topic, so here are some tips for getting information on this: 1. Get average SAT scores for your high school.Some schools have a report available where you can see aggregated SAT scores from past students. If you're not sure about how to access this information, check in with a guidance counselor. They may have their own thoughts about what they consider excellent SAT scores for your school. 2. Get average SAT scores from your classmates. If you want to narrow down your comparative peer group even more, you could consider the average scores of other students in your classes. SAT scores from peers in honors classes should give you an even better idea of excellent peer scores. If you feel comfortable asking around, make an effort to do that - just make sure not to pressure anyone into sharing scores. Excellent SAT Scores for College So now that you have a good idea of how you compare to your peers, you can start figuring out your best target schools based on SAT scores. Now, SAT scores are important for getting you into college, but people don’t tend to care about them once you get in. Your SAT scores don’t have to be at the top of the range (e.g. at the 75th percentile) for the schools you’re interested in attending - that would mean 75% of attending students were accepted with lower scores. Ultimately, they just have to be good enough to get your application considered. (Exception:if you anticipate that your application will be weak in other areas, higher SAT scores than other applicants will help your admissions case.) The best way to figure out what SAT score is likely to get you into a particular school is to look up the school's "middle 50" SAT scores. The middle 50 is the range of student scores between the 25th percentile and the 75th percentile - so if you ranked all the students in a college's class by SAT scores, this would be the score range for the 50% of students standing right in the middle. You can find detailed instructions on figuring out a school's optimal SAT score range. If your SAT is in the top 25% of scores for schools that you're considering (and your application is otherwise strong),you may want to consider applying to more competitive schools. By more competitive, I mean schools with higher average SAT scores and lower admissions rates.There are many benefits to attending a better-ranked school: it's likely to be more intellectually challengingand to have a stronger student body due to a more selective admissions process. A more prestigious school also sends a better "signal" to graduate programs and future employers, potentially leading to better income and career outcomes. If you'd like more information about optimal application strategies, check out our guides on reach and safety schools. Excellent SAT Scores for Yourself Time for some realistic self-evaluation. So you've considered what "excellent" SAT scores are relative to the country, your peers, and your target schools. Although these are all helpful comparison groups, there's one very important factor we have yet to take into consideration: your own abilities, strengths, and weaknesses. Excellent scores by more objective standards may come easier to some students than others. Setting unrealistic goals for yourself based on these standards will be frustrating and unhelpful; setting "easy" goals for yourself based on these standards will mean that you sell yourself short. In order to come out of this process with both strong scores and your sanity intact, it's important to consider your own abilities when determining what SAT scores are "excellent." So how do you figure out what an excellent SAT score means for you? 1. Get a baseline score. Study for 10 hours in order to gain basic familiarity with the test and its content before taking a practice test. This will give you a baseline score to work from. Students can often improve 160+ points from baseline with additional test preparation. 2. Reach your own score maximum. Students usually reach a max limit after 40-80 hours of effective, focused studying. Getting that much prep in will mean you are dedicating yourself to excellence by your own standards. How Do You Prepare to Earn Excellent SAT Scores? You might have a roughrange in mind for those excellent scores you're hoping to earn. If not, you'll hopefully get a good baseline score to work from based on the guidelines above. Once you're ready to start working up towards that range, follow the guidelines here for an effective SAT preparation plan: 1. Set a timeline. If you're going to prepare for the SAT, you'll need a reasonable study plan based on how much time you have before the exam. Get instructions on how to do this here. 2. Set a goal score.You won't have anything to work towards if you don't set a challenging, but realistic, goal score for yourself. Start by looking up the "middle 50" SAT score ranges for target schools. You can get up-to-date information on these scores by Googling"[school name] PrepScholar admissions requirements." 3. Stick to a study plan. You can work from a study planspecifically for sophomores, juniors, or seniors, or you can come up withyour own. Try scheduling study sessions in your calendar ahead of time, or letting your parents in on your plan so they can hold you accountable. The better you stick to your plan, the more effective your studying will be. What's Next? Motivated to start bringing up those SAT scores? Here areguides to setting your timeline, SAT reading, SAT writing, and SAT math. If you are running out of time to improve your scores, not to worry - we have last-minute strategy guides as well! Disappointed with your scores? Want to improve your SAT score by 160 points?We've written a guide about the top 5 strategies you must be using to have a shot at improving your score. Download it for free now:

Analogous Structures in Evolution

Analogous Structures in Evolution There are many types of evidence supporting evolution, including studies in the molecular biology field, such as DNA, and in the developmental biology field. However, the most commonly used types of evidence for evolution are anatomical comparisons between species. While homologous structures show how similar species have changed from their ancient ancestors, analogous structures show how different species have evolved to become more similar. Speciation Speciation is the change over time of one species into a new species. Why would different species become more similar? Usually, the cause of convergent evolution is similar selection pressures in the environment. In other words, the environments in which the two different species live are similar and those species need to fill the same niche in different areas around the world. Since natural selection works the same way in these environments, the same types of adaptations are favorable, and individuals with favorable adaptations survive long enough to pass down their genes to their offspring. This continues until only individuals with favorable adaptations are left in the population. Sometimes, these types of adaptations can change the structure of the individual. Body parts can be gained, lost, or rearranged depending on whether their function is the same as the original function of that part. This can lead to analogous structures in different species that occupy the same type of niche and environment in different locations. Taxonomy When Carolus Linnaeus first began classifying and naming species with taxonomy, the science of classification, he often grouped similar-looking species into similar groups. This led to incorrect groupings compared to evolutionary origins of the species. Just because species look or behave the same doesnt mean they are closely related. Analogous structures dont have to share the same evolutionary path. One analogous structure might have come into existence long ago, while the analogous match on another species may be relatively new. They may go through different developmental and functional stages before they are fully alike. Analogous structures are not necessarily evidence that two species came from a common ancestor. It is more likely they came from two separate branches of the phylogenetic tree and may not be closely related at all. Examples The human eye is very similar in structure to the eye of the octopus. In fact, the octopus eye is superior to the humans in that it doesnt have a blind spot. Structurally, that is the only difference between the eyes. However, the octopus and the human are not closely related and reside far from each other on the phylogenetic tree of life. Wings are a popular adaptation for many animals. Bats, birds, insects, and pterosaurs all had wings. But a bat is more closely related to a human than to a bird or an insect based on homologous structures. Even though all these species have wings and can fly, they are very different in other ways. They just happen to fill the flying niche in their locations. Sharks and dolphins look very similar due to color, placement of their fins, and overall body shape. However, sharks are fish and dolphins are mammals. This means that dolphins are more closely related to rats than they are sharks on the evolutionary scale. Other types of evolutionary evidence, such as DNA similarities, have proved this. It takes more than appearance to determine which species are closely related and which have evolved from different ancestors to become more similar through their analogous structures. However, analogous structures themselves are evidence for the theory of natural selection and the accumulation of adaptations over time.

A Financial Ratio Quarterly Trend Analysis of Kia Motors Research Paper

A Financial Ratio Quarterly Trend Analysis of Kia Motors - Research Paper Example This report represents a financial trend analysis of the company over four (4) quarters ending December 31, 2010. It also looks at a comparison of the performance of Kia Motors with the industry for the year ended December 31, 2010 and provides a SWOT analysis of the company. In addition to that the report at the ethical guidelines under which the company operates and makes recommendations to potential stakeholders. 2.0 Financial Ratio Computation & Analysis Financial ratios are used to determine the financial health of a business. The table in the Appendix below provides information on five categories of ratios which will be used to assess the financial health of KIA Motors Corporation. 2.1 Trend Analysis The table in the Appendix shows the quarterly trends for various ratios for the year ended December 31, 2010 in order liquidity asset utilization, profitability, Debt and market. 2.1.1 Liquidity ratios Liquidity ratios indicate the amount of funds the company has on hand to pay its debts as they fall due. The current ratio includes inventory which is not very liquid while the quick ratio does not. The table in the Appendix indicates that the current ratio for the 3 quarters range between 0.73 and 0.76 which is below 1. The quick ratio which does not include inventory ranges between 0.56 and 0.59. An acceptable current and quick ratio is 1.5 and 0.8 respectively (BPP Media Learning 2009). Other ratios such as working capital and current liabilities to inventory also indicates a worrying picture for Kia Motors in terms of the company’s ability to pay its debts as they become due. 2.1.2 Asset Utilization Asset utilization ratios indicate how efficiently the assets in the company’s operations have been utilized. The ratios in the Appendix show an inventory turnover rate of between 6 and 8 times for each quarter and a turnover of approximately 27 ti mes for the year. The asset turnover is a measure of how well the assets Kia Motors are being used to generate revenue (BPP 2009). The quarterly asset turnover rate ranged from 0.39 to 0.49 with the annual rate being the cum1.66. These rates show high and moderate efficiency levels respectively in the use of Kia Motors assets. 2.1.3 Profitability Ratios Profitability ratios are a combination of the effects of liquidity, asset management and debt on operating results (Brigham and Ehrhardt 2005). The ratios indicated in the Appendix as profitability ratios include profit margin which indicates the net profit percentage earned on sales of between 2% and 13% per quarter. The trends indicate vast improvements in the 2nd quarter of an 8% increase, up from 2%. The quarterly return on assets (ROA) for Kia Motors range from 1% to 5% per quarter and 13% for the year ended December 31, 2010. In the 2nd quarter there was a 2% increase over the 1st quarter while quarters 3 and 4 showed increases of 1%. The company’s returns on equity (ROE) increased from 2% in quarter 1 to 7%, *% and 11% in quarters 2, 3 and 4 respectively, ending with a return for the year of 26%. This is considered favorable for shareholders. 2.1.4 Debt Utilization Ratios Debt ratios provide an indication of the level of financial risk in the companies

American History, Mind and Machine Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

American History, Mind and Machine - Essay Example In many ways after the divisiveness and devastation of the Civil War, the United States searched for order economically, politically, geographically, socially and racially. Select one of these areas, or suggest another, and make a case for the reasons why it was the most vital area that America needed to address. Some examples include the westward expansion of the nation, the reunification of a national political system in the north and south, the influx of immigrants, conflict with Native Americans, and an increase of racial segregation. It seems that the most vital area that the United States needed to address after the end of the Civil War was the reunification of a national political system since it established the United States as a unified state. While before the outbreak of the Civil War American used plural to speak about the United States (the United States are†¦), after the end of the war it became a norm to use the United States in singular (the United States is†¦). It means that the reunification took place on the highest constitutional level, with issues of secession as well as state veto power properly addressed. Specifically, the political unification meant creation of the central government that took under control all U.S. territory. In some way, the motto by the Founding Fathers â€Å"From many, one† eventually became a reality, but strong national government was â€Å"more powerful than even the most nationalistic Americans had imagined before the war† (â€Å"The Civil War, Results of the Civil War†, 2012, [online]). 1b-Most people have views that are strongly influenced and informed by philosophy, often without realizing it. Identify a view you have—whether on politics, religion, science, culture, or even the media and entertainment—that might be regarded as being related to philosophy. What kind of reasons do you have for holding that belief? What figure from the history of philosophy section do y ou think might have some views that are similar, or at least relevant, to your own? Explain why you chose that particular figure. Aristotle spoke of Socrates as of a philosopher who restricted his quest with ethical enquiries. Therefore, Socrates is generally known as â€Å"the first moral philosopher†. Indeed, according to the account of Xenophon, Socrates persistently discussed human affairs and did not stop asking questions like â€Å"what constitutes the character of a citizen?†, â€Å"what is the just?†, and â€Å"what is the unjust? † (Xenophon quoted in Aristotle, 2001, p. 161). This way of addressing the world – in a moral quest – is quite close to my understanding and my life philosophy. Similarly to Socrates I believe that one should rather concentrate on moral self-development than on amassing material wealth. In other words, developing virtues is seen as the primary objective. This position is quite close to Socrates who is known to have said â€Å"virtue was the most valuable of all possessions; the ideal life was spent in search of the Good† (Socrates quoted in Michael, 2007, p. 16). 2a-During a remarkable period of change from roughly 1865 to the early 20th century, the great cities that we know and love today expanded at an incredibly rapid pace and went through a fundamental transformation in composition and construction. Select one of the ways that the American city was changing and analyze its historical significance (explain why this topic is important to the study of the history of the nation). What short and long term effects did the transformation of American cities have on the nation? The decades after the end of the Civil War were the time of the move from the rural areas to the city. While these were initially migrants from small towns or remote farms that filled the cities, in the 1880s American cities were flooded with immigrants from overseas. Immigration became the major factor of p opulation growth in the cities like Chicago (Monkkonen, 1990, p.95). It ensured a constant supply of

The Battle of the Sexes Continue in The Revolt Of Mother Essay

The Battle of the Sexes Continue in The Revolt Of Mother   Ã‚  Ã‚   "Unsolicited opportunities are the guide-posts of the Lord to the new roads of life." This quote from Mary E. Wilkins Freeman's "The Revolt Of 'Mother"' exemplifies the independent and rebellious spirit of the main character, Sarah Penn. Because Sarah Penn's behavior is unorthodox for a woman of the nineteenth century, the author constantly compared her to similar historical figures.      Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   When Mrs. Penn is baking her husband's favorite mince pies, we become aware of the first historical relationship. The author described her face as "full of meek vigor which might have characterized one of the New Testament saints." The author continues to express that "however deep a resentment she might be forced to hold against her husband, she would never fail in sedulous attention to his wants." These statements show that Sarah is as loyal, passive, and loving as a pious saint. The comparison also points out her forgiving nature which allows her to be loving and cooperative with her husband despite any differences they may have.      Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   The second reference to a historical figure comes when Sarah calls to Adoniram, her husband, to stop his work and speak with her. When he repeatedly refuses to talk with her, she exclaims, "Father, you come here," in a voice which booms with authority. Even her stance is as regal as her inflections, for she stands in the doorway holding her head as if she were wearing a crown. Despite her original intentions, this dignified behavior doesn't last long. As she is expressing her feelings about her husband's new barn, her stance turns to that of a humble woman from Scripture. This sudden change in behavior represents her volatil... ...the man's world, she continues to do her feminine, domestic chores and tries her best to make Adoniram happy. This proves that she has fought the battle and was now ready to make peace. However, the peace making has to be on Adoniram's part. After Adoniram finds out about his wife's defiance, he goes out into the twilight and looks out over the fields. By observing nature, Adoniram is acknowledging the power and beauty of women, which enables him to decide to put up the partitions to make a more suitable house for Sarah. By respecting the feelings and opinions of his wife, he unites the woman's home and man's technology, and in a sense makes peace between man and woman in the battle of the sexes.    Work Cited Freeman, Mary E. Wilkins. "The Revolt of 'Mother.'" Responding to Literature. Ed. Judith A. Stanford. Mountain View: Mayfield, 1996. 555-567.   

Analysis Of A Problematic Transactional Process English Literature Essay

The client is a seven adolescent twelvemonth old African American male in the 11th class at Piper High School. The client was referred to the societal work section by his English instructor who was concerned by the pupils withdraw and unhappiness. The client was raised by his male parent and his female parent. However, the client ‘s female parent committed suicide two old ages ago while she was deployed ; the client was 5th adolescent old ages old. The client is presently remaining with his paternal grandma after his male parent asked him to go forth his place. The client has two younger siblings whom reside with the male parent. The client has late come out to his household and informed them that he is cheery. The primary life stressor for the client is the decease of his female parent and attached is the loss of relationship with his male parent. Indeed, the client feels like he has lost both parents. The client informed his male parent that he is cheery and the male parent evicted the client from the place and informed the client that he is disinheriting the young person because of his sexual orientation. The life passage came to the attending of the worker during the first meeting with the client. The client informed the worker of the state of affairs. The bureau ‘s position is that the issue with the client is his withdraw from the schoolroom, unhappiness and the possible effects of his behaviour on his faculty members. The bureau placed small accent on the female parent ‘s self-destruction because it did non take to the client ‘s current state of affairs. The exhibiting behaviour began taking topographic point after the client told his household about his sexual orie ntation. In kernel the bureau says that the young person did hold troubles with his household in coming out, but that is non what caused a break in the relationship, it appeared to be his noncompliant behaviour at place. However, this societal work intern believes the precipitating factor for the client ‘s eviction from the place had to make with the client ‘s coming out episode, and his defeat and hapless get bying accomplishments in covering with his female parent ‘s decease. The client admitted to holding a â€Å" attitude † job prior to the coming out episode, but the job increased dramatically one time the client came out and the male parent rejected him. Besides, the client started utilizing drugs which was a manner of dulling and get bying with his depression because of his female parent ‘s self-destruction and because the client wanted to state his household he is cheery and he was concerned that they would non accept him. In the first meeting with the client, the client and the societal work intern worked on catching. The session focused on three stairss: clear uping the intent, clear uping the function, and making for the client ‘s feedback ( Shulman, 2006 ) . Then the worker and client discussed countries for work, and agreed to work on grief guidance. The client admitted to this worker that since his female parent ‘s decease he has had a hard clip accepting his female parent ‘s decease. The client stated that his female parent knew of his sexual orientation and was supportive. However, since the decease of his female parent he does non hold the support and he believes his male parent would non hold evicted him from the place if the female parent was still alive. The client besides admitted to increased drug usage since his eviction from his male parent ‘s place. The client reported that it was hard for him to get by with his female parent ‘s decease, but so to be rejec ted from his male parent made the state of affairs intolerable so he turned to drugs more frequently for alleviation. When the client and the worker met the procedure consisted of the worker inquiring the client what issue or job the client wanted to work on. The followers is an except of the catching session, â€Å" Hey, Jacob. We are run intoing today because I wanted to cognize if there is something that is trouble oneselfing you or something you would wish to speak about? † The client so proceeded to depict his battle with the decease of his female parent and the recent eviction from his male parent ‘s place. The client and the worked agreed to work on feelings of heartache and loss because of the decease of his female parent, and seeking to either repair the relationship with his male parent or header with his male parent ‘s positions and develop a societal support web to back up him through this life passage. The work, so, will concentrate on â€Å" mobilizing or beef uping real-life ties between the client and important others, restoring old linkages, or assisting the clie nt discovery and develop new connexions † ( Germain & A ; Gitterman, 1996, pp.179 ) . The work will besides help the client with treating the decease of his female parent. The end is to assist the client with his feelings of grief/loss, emotional isolation, and as mentioned above aid strengthen or develop new connexions for the young person ( Germain & A ; Gitterman, 1996, pp.179 ) . The work between the client and worker was an agreed upon venture. The worker in concurrence with the client established a common understanding for work, a common land to get down the work ( Shulman, 2006 ) . The worker and the client both agreed that working on heartache guidance and trying to mend the relationship with the young person ‘s male parent was a good point to get down the curative confederation. This worker believes that mutualness has been achieved because both worker and client have agreed to work the same issues. The environment plays an of import portion in the overall wellbeing of the client, for the environment can be a strength or barrier for the client ( Krist-Ashman, 2000 ) . Indeed, the client in this instance faces many challenges in his environment. The decease of the client ‘s female parent by self-destruction is a social tabu ( Webb, 1996 ) . Furthermore, the client reported that equals and neighbours would frequently inquire why his female parent would make such a thing. Furthermore, the vicinity is really spiritual and they did non react good to a self-destruction because in the Baptist tradition self-destruction is a wickedness against God ( Webb, 1996 ) . In add-on, the vicinity is low-income and there does non look to be many resources available for the client and his household. The self-destruction of his female parent is looked upon as shameful and an act of disbelievers, harmonizing to the client. The client does non hold much support from his household either. Since the decease of his female parent, the household has non openly talked about the self-destruction. The male parent has non mentioned it one time to the client. The lone mention, harmonizing to the client, is when the client told his male parent that he is cheery ; the male parent responded that the client has the same iniquitous nature as his female parent. The household is making barriers because they are non admiting the world of the decease and are non sharing the lost experience, at least non with the client ( Walsh & A ; McGoldrick, 1991 ) . The identified resource available to the client is his close friend. The client states that he finds support in his friend and negotiations to him about the decease of his female parent. The client will be referred to Henderson Mental Health and go on to have guidance with the societal work houseman. Besides, the client identified a spiritual leader in the community that offered his services to the client and his household, but the client is loath to take up the offer since the spiritual leader is viewed as a defiant because of his irregular patterns. The client besides identified a household member who he can speak to and is accepting of his sexual orientation.The Client-Worker MinutessPresentation: This is the 2nd meeting with the client. The client reported to his instructor that he was experiencing really down. Degree centigrade: I wish I could merchandise topographic points with my female parent. I wish I could travel to kip and merely wake up and this is all back to normal. W: I can feel that you are sad, Jacob. It must be hard to loss person you love so much. Jacob, do you believe what you merely said is possible? Do you think you could travel back in clip or merely wake up and all this will be back to normal? Skill: Empathy, exposing apprehension of client ‘s feelings, oppugning, Reaching for client feedback Reading the client: I truly lose my female parent. I feel hopeless and incapacitated. I wish some miracle could happen and wipe out this hurting. Why did she hold to go forth me so shortly? Reading the worker: I feel so bad for this client. How can I alleviate his hurting. I feel like there is nil I can state or make to alleviate his hurting. I think he is traveling through the bargaining phase of heartache and loss. I have to calculate out a manner to indicate out his irrational thought. I wonder if by trading topographic points ( make he mean ) he besides wishes to decease. Measure your action: I was on mark. I pick-up on the client ‘s Bargaining phase and addressed the irrational belief. I demonstrated empathy and showed apprehension of the client ‘s feelings. Environmental or structural influences: Possibly if I were younger I would hold been able to pass on this efficaciously. Another Attempt: I can feel that you are sad. It must be hard to loss person. Sometimes when we loss person we tend to believe about material that Is non possible. It is normal to hold these ideas. However, you have to recognize that they are non rational. Label New Skills: Empathy, exposing apprehension of client ‘s feelings, Reframing. I employed these accomplishments because I wanted to normalise the client ‘s experience, but besides indicate out that the ideas are irrational. Presentation: This is our 3rd meeting and the client complained of feelings of desperation and weakness. The client has besides refused to take part in any school activities. Degree centigrade: I feel so lost without my female parent. I do non cognize who I can turn to for support like I did with her. I need aid and my female parent is non at that place. Tungsten: It must be hard to loss the one whom you found soothe it. I do n't cognize how that feels but it must ache. You mention necessitating aid, can you state me more? Skill: Empathy, exposing apprehension of client ‘s feelings, making for feelings and facts, and oppugning. Reading the client: I truly miss her. I found way and comfort in cognizing that she was at that place for me. Where and how can I find that without her here. I am so overwhelmed, who can I turn excessively? Reading the worker: I do non cognize precisely what to state. I feel like he is experiencing hopeless and needs that individual to soothe him, but what do I make. I think he is traveling through so many things, but he will non state me all. I understand that we are still in the beginning of the relationship, but what do I make. Measure your action: I do non believe I was on mark. I should hold expressed what I think he was experiencing and informed him that I can seek to assist. I should hold said that I am here to help. Environmental or structural influences: I should of told him that I can seek to assist him, that I ‘m able to assist him. Another Attempt: It must be hard to loss the one whom you found soothe it. I do n't cognize how that feels but it must ache. I know I am non your female parent I may non supply the same comfort that your female parent could hold provided but I like to work with you on these issues. Possibly you can state me what you need aid with and I can seek to help you with it. Label New Skills: Empathy, exposing apprehension of client ‘s feelings. The employed these accomplishments because I wanted the client to understand that I can sense his helpless and that although his female parent is non here he can seek to happen aid through me and finally person else..Presentation: This is our 4th session. He purportedly asked one of his instructor why his life is so f***ed up. Degree centigrade: I ca n't believe of anything but the decease of my female parent. Sometimes that is all I think of. I think about how she died and why she did it to me. Tungsten: It is great that you grieve openly because that is normal. You must experience desperation, anxiousness, and confusion because of her decease. I think you are traveling to have to seek to set to the alteration so you can go on with your life. What do you think your female parent would desire you to make? # 3 Skill: Empathy, exposing apprehension of client ‘s feelings, seting the client ‘s mute feelings into words. Reading the client: I think I am traveling loony. I merely think of my female parent. I inquire how it would be if she were here now. Can I acquire over this? Reading the worker: I do n't cognize if I can make this. I ca n't look to acquire him past this phase. What am I traveling to make? I wonder if I am merely non equipped for this sort of client. Measure your action: I was non on mark. I did demo empathy but I used guilt stumbling every bit good. Environmental or structural influences: None Another Attempt: I can feel your unhappiness and desperation. I can merely image what it would be like to lose my female parent. Alternatively of concentrating on the decease itself, have you tried retrieve all the good times you had with your female parent? Label New Skills: Empathy, exposing apprehension of client ‘s feelings, and tuning into client ‘s sense of urgency. I used these accomplishments because I wanted the client to believe more about the good times. I did non desire to state him to halt believing about his female parent, but merely concentrate on the positive. Presentation: This is our 5th session. Last session we discussed get bying accomplishments. It has been hard to acquire past the phase of bargaining and the beginning stage with this client. Degree centigrades: You know, I merely want to utilize any sort of drug I can to dull the hurting of my female parent ‘s decease. I frequently think possibly it would be better if I merely stayed high all the clip. Tungsten: You could make that but it will merely dissemble the hurting. The hurting will still be their, even when you are high. Possibly we can work together to ease the hurting for you, alternatively of dissembling it. Skill: Sessional and overall catching accomplishments, exposing apprehension of client ‘s feelings, making for client feedback, exposing forces that support or keep the job. Reading the client: I feel things will be much easier to bear if I stay high. I will non hold to believe about my jobs any more. I merely want these jobs to travel off. Reading the worker: I am truly tried. It is 3:30pm and I have been working all twenty-four hours. I do n't believe I am acquiring far with this client. I feel like he merely wants to vent and I am more interested in work outing jobs. Possibly that is my issue, I keep concentrating on what I want alternatively of what the client wants. Measure your actions: I was on mark. I offered a different manner to get by with the loss alternatively of utilizing drugs. I pointed out a force that contributes to the job. Another Attempt: I bet it must be difficult to loss person. I ca n't image how you feel. However, I do cognize that usage drugs to dissemble the hurting will non ease or take the hurting. Possibly we can work together to happen other ways for you to trade with the hurting. Label New Skills: Empathy, exposing apprehension of client ‘s feelings, and tuning into client ‘s sense of urgency, I used these exposing forces that support or maintain the job. This clip around I used empathy and tried to understand the client ‘s feelings. Presentation: This is our 6th session. Last session the client agreed to research alternate ways to get by with his female parent ‘s decease. The client besides agreed that drugs are non the reply. Degree centigrades: You know, I merely want to utilize any sort of drug I can to dull the hurting of my female parent ‘s decease. I frequently think possibly it would be better if I merely stayed high all the clip. Tungsten: You could make that but it will merely dissemble the hurting. The hurting will still be their, even when you are high. Possibly we can work together to ease the hurting for you, alternatively of dissembling it. Skill: Sessional and overall catching accomplishments, exposing apprehension of client ‘s feelings, making for client feedback, exposing forces that support or keep the job. Reading the client: I feel things will be much easier to bear if I stay high. I will non hold to believe about my jobs any more. I merely want these jobs to travel off. Reading the worker: I am truly tried. It is 7pm and I have been working all twenty-four hours. I do n't believe I am acquiring far with this client. I feel like he merely wants to vent and I am more interested in work outing jobs. Possibly that is my issue, I keep concentrating on what I want alternatively of what the client wants. Measure your actions: I was on mark. I offered a different manner to get by with the loss alternatively of utilizing drugs. I pointed out a force that contributes to the job. Another Attempt: I bet it must be difficult to loss person. I ca n't image how you feel. However, I do cognize that usage drugs to dissemble the hurting will non ease or take the hurting. Possibly we can work together to happen other ways for you to trade with the hurting. Label New Skills: Empathy, exposing apprehension of client ‘s feelings, and tuning into client ‘s sense of urgency, I used these exposing forces that support or maintain the job. This clip around I used empathy and tried to understand the client ‘s feelings..Presentation: This is our 7th session. The instructors report that the client seems more wellbeing. He has followed his intervention program at Henderson Mental Health and substance maltreatment guidance. Degree centigrades: The thing that fusss me is that I feel like I will ever be unhappy. I feel like I will fall apart. I do n't cognize what I will make with my life. Tungsten: It is hard to cover with the loss of a loved 1. The feelings you are sing are normal. Leting spell of a loved one is really hard. Skill: Normalzing, exposing apprehension of client ‘s feelings, empathy, Supporting client ‘s in forbidden countries. Reading the client: I feel like I ca n't acquire over this. I feel like life will be atrocious and I will ne'er be happy once more. I ca n't allow travel because that means I do n't truly care about her. Reading the worker: I think he is get downing to recognize that he has to allow travel and continue with his life. I feel atrocious stating what I said to him because I know it is difficult. I wonder what my supervisor would state? I feel good because I think we are doing some advancement. Measure your actions: I was on mark. I expressed that this is normal and showed empathy. I believe this was the appropriate thing to make. Another Attempt: I can conceive of how hard this must be for you. These feelings are normal. You likely think that this will non stop, but it will. You likely experience guilty about non hold those feelings and that is normal excessively. Label New Skills: Empathy, exposing apprehension of client ‘s feelings, Normalizing, back uping client in forbidden country. The accomplishments I used are the same, but this clip around I think I came off a small better..Presentation: This is our eight session. The young person has continued to come on slightly. He continues to go to mental wellness and chemical dependence guidance. Degree centigrade: I do n't believe you understand what it is to lose person. You work here and are paid to listen to our jobs, but you do n't understand. I bet you do n't even care about one of us in this topographic point, right? Tungsten: Expression, I am sorry you feel that manner, but you do n't cognize what I feel. Yes, I work here. I besides care about the people I work with and function. You are merely angry at everyone because of your lose, and I can understand that. However, you should non take it out on me. If you work with me than we can work together on your job, but do n't assail me. Skill: disputing the semblance of work, exposing apprehension of client ‘s feelings, ask foring uncertainties and concerns, re-clarifying worker ‘s intent and function, facilitative confrontation. Reading the client: I do n't experience like I am acquiring any aid. I think he does n't care about me. Why am I run intoing with him. I bet this is merely a occupation for him. I think he does n't cognize what it means to lose person, or he would understand me better. Reading the worker: I feel attacked. I feel like stating him where the snake pit to travel. I spent this clip seeking to assist and this is the thank you I receive. Measure your actions: I was manner off mark. I should hold been more diplomatic and non allow it acquire to me. I should command myself and recognize that he is merely allowing his choler out. Another Attempt: I am sorry you feel that I do n't understand. I want to understand. I want you to state me more so I can understand. I do desire to assist, but you have to allow me in so I can work with you. Label New Skills: Empathy, exposing apprehension of client ‘s feelings, re- clear uping worker ‘s intent, facilitative confrontation, doing a demand for work. Presentation: This is our 9th session. The young person mentioned to this worker that he realizes that his grieving is non leting him to travel on with his life. The client wants the worker to help him with accepting the decease of his female parent and moving on with his life. Degree centigrade: I do n't desire to go on this manner. I want to be able to non be depressed all the clip. I miss my female parent but I do n't desire to experience the manner that I do. I want to hold my life back. W: I can feel how frustrating and hard it must be for you even stating these words. You must believe that traveling on with your life agencies burying about your female parent, but it does non. I am glad you want to work on traveling on and we can make that together. We have to work together in order to achieve that end. I do n't hold all the replies and if I did, you still have to make your portion in order to accomplish that end. Skill: Empathy, exposing apprehension of client ‘s feelings, making for feedback about assisting procedure, seting client ‘ mute feelings into words, Reading the client: I do n't wish this feeling. I want to travel back to feeling the manner I did before my female parent passed. I am ready to work on my grieving and travel frontward, but I do n't cognize how. Reading worker: I think the hebdomads of us run intoing are get downing to payoff. I feel like he is truly ready to work on the grieving. I feel good, like I am really making something right. I think from here I will experience more confident about the work. Measure your action: I believe I was on mark. I addressed the client desiring to work on his grieving and acquisition to set to the life passage. I besides reminded the young person that we have to work on this together. Another Attempt: I am happy to hear that you want to work on this issue. We can work on it together. Are you unfastened to us working on this together? Label New Skills: Reaching for feedback about assisting procedure.Discussion of Your Practice ObservationsThe client decidedly wanted to work on the life passage. He accepted guidance and came on clip and every session. He did non defy like some clients but opened up about his feelings. He expressed his feelings and was unfastened about many things. Yet, there were times where he was disputing and did non look to desire to work on the life passage. The client appeared stuck on the denial and sometimes bargaining face ( Shulman, 2006 ) . He was overwhelmed with feelings of desperation and guilt. Other times, he wanted to concentrate on peripheral issues and non face the life passage. At one point, the client decided to assail the work and his competency alternatively of concentrating on the work. Yet another clip, he decided that he did non desire to work on the life passage, but instead work on his relationship with his male parent. The client besides at times used turning away behaviour or verboseness to avoid speaking about the painful life passage ( Germain & A ; Gitterman, 1996 ) . For illustration, in one session the client decided to alter topics suddenly and inquire what the worker thought about the school. Another clip the client decided to speak on and on about the Miami Heat hoops squad. Besides, whenever the topic of the client ‘s past experiences came up, the young person either changed the topic or did non desire to speak about it. The worker besides fell abruptly in some countries. The worker should hold referred the young person for household guidance or at least attempted to prosecute the male parent and other members of the household in some guidance through the bureau. The mode should hold included a multi-approach that included single, household, and group guidance. The worker should hold besides used more of the exploring and clear uping accomplishments mentioned by Germain and Gitterman ( 1996 ) . For illustration, the worker should hold explored the feelings of ambivalency and how that affected the curative relationship. The worker should hold identified more resources available to the client and connected that client with the resources. For illustration, the worker should hold explored more with the young person linking with the spiritual leader in his community for support. The young person mentioned the spiritual leader attempted to make out to the young person, and the worker should hold explored t his option farther. In add-on, the worker should hold employed the accomplishment of sessional undertaking more frequently ( Shulman, 2006 ) . There were times where the worker did non re-contract with the client in every session, and during those Sessionss the client normally avoided or switched topics on the worker. At the clip of expiration, the job was non to the full worked out. The client has non reached the credence phase. The client continues to fight with the loss of his female parent, although he does go on to work at the job. The client came a long manner. In the beginning, the client was in choler phase. The client still needs to go on working with a counsellor to assist him accept the loss of his female parent. However, he has come a long manner and before expiration the worker and client were working on accepting the loss and go oning with his life. The expiration procedure was hard for both worker and client likewise. The worker was hesitating about ending because so much work demands to been done. The worker besides experienced what Germain and Gitterman ( 1996 ) refer to as the â€Å" workers shared feelings of unhappiness at dividing † ( pp. 323 ) . The worker felt a sense of loss because so much clip and energy was vested in this client and the relationship is stoping. The client was sad besides. However, the client besides employed turning away tactics hebdomads before the stoping stage ( Germain & A ; Gitterman, 1996 ) . For illustration, the client would alter topics whenever expiration was mentioned. Besides during the last session, the client acted as though he forgot this was the last meeting. The client besides asked if the curative relationship could go on for a few hebdomads longer. The worker believes the stoping procedure might hold had a negative impact on the client ‘s life passage. The client seems to see the stoping procedure as another loss. For illustration, the client had mentioned to the worker that the worker was the lone 1 he truly had in his life that he could talk to about the loss of his female parent and other issues. The client seems to experience like person else that he confides in and trusts is go forthing him. The client even mentioned that he will largely likely non happen person once more to show his feelings and concerns with. In add-on, he said that he does non desire to get down all over once more with another counsellor. The worker should hold practiced prevenient empathy and considered the impact of expiration before the last session ( Germain & A ; Gittermain, 1996 ) . The last few semester have thought this societal work intern a batch. The societal work houseman has learned many new accomplishments for pattern with persons, household and groups. The societal work houseman has besides honed in accomplishments that were already at that place but the worker did non cognize they were accomplishments or did non cognize the accomplishment label. The societal work houseman has learned to research issues with clients and non to rapidly supply replies or redresss. Prior to the internship the worker thought that one was suppose to calculate out the job and supply a solution. However, the worker has learned that clients already know what the job is and that provide the reply does non authorise the client. The worker has besides learned empathy and non sympathy. The worker ever thought that understanding was the right emotion to expose with a client. However, the worker has learned that empathy is more powerful and is a great tool to fix the worker for Sessionss with clients. The worker has learned that until one can use anticipatory empathy, the worker will non be prepared for many issues that come up in the session. The accomplishment of empathy has had a enormous affect on this workers pattern. Of the many accomplishments this worker has learned, the accomplishment of empathy has had the most impact in pattern and the most impact on this worker. The worker sees his function as a professional societal worker otherwise now. Prior to the internship the worker idea of a societal worker as person who refers clients to other services or person who provides all the replies to a client ‘s jobs. The worker now sees the function of a societal worker as a span builder and spouse in helping people with their concerns. The worker has besides learned that there are some countries this worker needs to better on. For illustration, larning to disputing clients and face them on their issues. The worker besides needs to larn how to be soundless during Sessionss and allow the client do most of the speaking.